jbosmith
Deeply Rooted
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I don't remember why I think this but isn't it the color of the nodules that change with nitrogen fixation and not the presence? Like green might mean low fixation and bright red means high? Also, I've heard that the 'blood' in Impossible burgers is the same as that red stuff but I don't know how true that isOnly once, when I lived in San Diego. I grew it over winter, mixed with oats, and turned it under when it flowered. My main reason for doing so was for the organic matter, since the soil in that garden was basically hard desert clay. I had access to composted horse manure for nitrogen, which was turned under along with the cover crop. It took a couple years to turn that hard clay into good workable soil.
Re: nitrogen fixation. At present I don't really appear to have a problem with nodulation of legumes, so the organisms must survive in the soil between seasons. Soybean nodulation is especially strong, so those bacteria must be very persistent. Phaseolus beans are healthy, but on the rare occasion when I uproot one, they generally have few nodules. Vignas are the only legume which seems to benefit from inoculation here, so that bacteria must not be as cold hardy.
While the conventional wisdom is that each legume species requires its own specific nitrogen fixing bacterial species, I strongly suspect that at least some of those bacteria are able to adapt to multiple legumes. My evidence of this is what I observed after 2 years of the rural garden being fallow, with only clover available as a host plant. When I planted the garden after that period, with no inoculant on any legume, I examined one plant of every species... nearly all were well nodulated. That was especially noteworthy with beans, which were noticeably more heavily nodulated than usual.
The exception, again, was cowpeas... which under-performed that year. Although I observed some nodulation in 2021, they under-performed in the rural garden again... so I will return to using that inoculant on all Vignas.